公共服务业供应模式及其与城市管治的关系——以广州为例

The models of supplying in public service industry and its relationship with urban governance:a case study of Guangzhou city

公共服务业的产业化在近20年中发展迅速,现代城市在公共服务业发展中面临着经济、体制和不同地域管治等诸多问题。本文以广州市典型调查、访谈为基础,总结了公共服务业供应的4种模式,并且从城市管治和地区差异角度对其特征进行了分析。针对我国目前公共服务业发展状况,提出了公共服务业管治的五项基本原则。

This paper takes the urban public service industry as its study object to comment the process of industrilization occurring in recent years. Guangzhou city is taken as a study case for discussing the supplying modes and governance forms of public service or goods. Moreover we discuss the right governance structure and rules under de-regulation condition which leads us to draw the following conclusions： The supplying of public service industry in Guangzhou city has four modes which are government-supplying-leading mode, market-supplying-leading mode, grass-root mode and mixed mode. Because of the limited level of recent social development, we still can not evaluate value of various modes. But the social practice shows that all the modes should need governance with government participation although the modes are different. In space distribution, the transformation from urban centre to the marginal rural area in the governance mode changes from government-supplying-leading mode, market-supplying-leading mode to grass-root mode in turn. The diversification of geographical space results in the differentiation of the governance structure and mode of the public service industry. In old or traditional areas which have rich public service resources, the government-supplying-leading and non-government-assisting mixed mode should be chosen. Whereas in the newly developing town, urbanized or suburban areas, the communities should exert adequately the social wealth, and the non-government-leading mode should be chosen in combination with the social and economic bases of these areas. According to the developing process of Guangzhou city and common governance theory, put forward five principles of governance including service first, government controling, good governance, regional equality and sustainable development are put forward. These five principles partly embody the ＂five overall considerations＂ idea according to the need of scientific developing theory. Furthermore how to develop the governance modes of public service industry under its guidence is our future research field. The governance of public service industry＇s influence on and function to the urban development is also discussed with special emphasis on the aspect of geographical space and its geographical meaning for the purpose of attracting the concerns of more researchers.