1994-2004年间上海市机动车主要车型的道路交通事故特征分析

Analysis on the characteristics of road traffic accidents about main types of motor vehicles in Shanghai,1994～2004

目的 对1994～2004年上海市几种主要机动车的道路交通事故进行流行病学分析，探讨这几种车型交通事故的发生情况及其影响因素。方法 对交通警察总队1994～2004年全市道路交通事故资料进行整理和统计分析。结果 2004年该市机动车保有量比1994年增加了5．42倍，达到2015701辆，上海市千人机动车拥有量不断上升。4种主要类型的机动车中，小型客车数量的增长速度最快，平均增长达17．31％。11a间小型客车在事故数、受伤人数两项指标上远高于其他车型，分别占总数的58．03％和42．76％。事故发生率和死亡率较高的车型是大型货车。结论 应根据该市机动车道路交通事故的流行病学特点，采取综合治理，减少机动车道路交通事故的发生。

Objective To analyze the data of road traffic accidents （RTAs） caused by different types of motor vehicles in Shanghai from 1994 to 2004 and to explore their characteristics. Methods The records of RTAs and the characteristics of several types of motor vehicles were analysed. Results In 2004, the number of motor vehicles was 2 015 701. It was 5.42 times higher than that in 1994. The small passenger cars increased faster than other types of motor vehicles, and the annual average increasing rate was 17.31%. During the past of 11 years, small passenger cars caused more RTAs and injuries than other types vehicles. The accident rate and mortality mainly caused by large trucks. Conclusions Preventive and control measures should be taken according to the epidemiological characteristics of RTAs. More attention should to paid to reduce the accidents.