浅论中东欧国家政治体制的欧盟化问题

EU-oriented Development of Political Institutional System in Central and East European Countries

中东欧国家在上世纪80年代末发生剧变后,开始了其体制转轨。经过10多年的发展,在政治体制方面出现了与欧盟原有成员国的模式接近并趋同的过程,即欧盟化的过程。这种趋同既有中东欧国家自身的原因,又有欧盟的驱动和压力,欧盟对于中东欧国家的欧盟化过程提供了帮助和支持。当然,中东欧国家与欧盟原有成员国的模式相比仍有较大的差距。中东欧国家既面临本身机制转轨的压力,又面临加入欧盟的压力。这种双重压力在它们入盟后仍将继续存在,并影响其政治体制运行的质量和在欧盟中的地位。

Following the dramatic changes in the late 1980s, the cenral and east European countries began institutional transition. After more than a decade of development there emerged a process of tending to follow the institutional pattern of the original EU members. Such a tendency was not only attributible to the their own reasons, but also to the driving force and pressure from the EU. And the EU helpand support also contributed to that process. Of course, they still have a big gap from the EU members' model, not only facing the pressure of institutional transition, but also the pressure of acceding into the EU. Such dual pressure will persist into their membership and affect the quality of their political institutional operation as well as their status in the EU.