不同耐热性小麦品种的籽粒灌浆特性及其对高温反应的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Grain Filling Characteristics of Wheat Cultivars

研究了耐热与热敏感品种的籽粒灌浆特性及其对高温的反应。结果表明，在正常条件下，耐热品种与热敏感品种相比具有较高的籽粒平均灌浆速率和最高灌浆速率以及较短的灌浆持续期；在灌浆期受到高温影响的条件下，耐热品种具有能维持其籽粒灌浆进程和灌浆期趋于变长的持续增长耐热机制，而热敏感品种表现灌浆期趋于变短和灌浆高峰提早出现等“高温逼熟”现象；耐热品种受高温影响后还能有效地利用其植株营养体中贮积的有机物质。

Grain filling characteristics of heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive wheat cultivars and its responses to high temperature were surveyed in this study.The results were as follows:the mean grain filling rate and maximum grain filling rate of heat-tolerant cultivar were higher,meanwhile the grain filling duration shorter,than that of the heat sensitive.Under the influencing of high temperature, heat-tolerant cultivar could maintained its grain filling processes and grain filling duration which revealed the heat-tolerant mechnism of continuing growth, and the heat-sensitive showed its grain filling duration shortened and the maximum grain filling occuring early. These might be so-called ” pressed maturation of high temperature'phenomenon. Heat-tolerant cultivar could effectively use the accumulated substances in its vegetative organ under the condition of high temperature.In addition,the relations between the heat-tolerance and high-yield breeding were also discussed.