文学研究中的未来意识

The Awareness of the Future in Literary Studies

文学研究要跟上时代的节奏必须树立一种自觉的未来意识。未来是被现在所决定的。而现代信息论的观点认为,前代固然可以对后来发生影响而不能后来逆向地影响前代,但是前代是什么样子,前代的表达体现的什么含义,这些完全需要后代加以阐述,由此后来者也获得了主导地位。当这种思想融入到了学者们的思维模式之后,就可以形成一种有别于传统思维的未来意识。这种未来意识可以使得文学研究的内在构成发生根本性的变化,从而促进研究的发展。

If literary studies want to keep abreast with the pace of the times, they must make sustained innovations in their ideology. So far as the current literary studies are concerned, the key step is to form a conscious awareness of the future, which boasts a different attitude and perspective from the traditional studies of literary criticism. The future, which goes after the present in terms of time and is lower than the present time logically speaking, is determined by the present state of affairs. According to the modern information theory, though the preceding times can exercise impact on the future, the future can not influence the gone-by times reversely. But, what did the gone-by times look like and what did the expression given by the gone-by times mean？ The questions should be answered by the later ages and accordingly, later generations obtain a dominant status. This type of thinking, after going into the thinking mode of scholars, may form an awareness of the future different from the traditional thinking. This awareness may result in a fundamental change in the internal formation of literary studies and consequently promote the development of the studies.