艺术史与心理学

History and Psychology

对艺术家及其作品的历史研究属于心理学范畴。艺术家传记是艺术史心理学研究的传统形态。20世纪初始的弗洛伊德心理分析理论,影响到艺术家传记的编撰从对生平的兴趣转移到对艺术家创作心理及传记作者的心理模式研究。1960年,贡布里希的《艺术与错觉》,运用知觉心理学等方面的研究成果考察了再现性图像的历史。格式塔心理学则研究视觉图像中有关平衡、形体、形式、发展、空间、光线、色彩、运动、张力以及表现等方面的感觉、知觉和概念。随着认知革命的到来,认知心理学家和语言学家通过其他学科来拓展自己的学科,其成果大大丰富了艺术史研究。

Historical researches on artists and their works belong to the category of psychology. The bio graphies of artists become the conventional form of s tudying the psychology of art history. The psychoana lysis of Freud at the beginning of the 20th century tra nsformed the compilation of artists biographies from t he focus on their lives to their creating mentality. In 1960,Gombrich used the achievements in perceptual psych ology to review the history of representational images in his Art and Illusion. Gestalt Psychology studies the s ense perception and concepts of such terms as balan ce,body,form,development,space,light,color,move ment,tension and expression. With the perceive revo lution,the perceive psychologist and linguist develop t heir own disciplines by other subjects,the fruits of w hich enrich greatly the studies of art history.