急性肾衰患者的病因和预后分析

Etiology And Prognosis in 422 Patients With Acute Renal Failure

目的探讨急性肾衰患者的病因和预后关系。方法回顾性地分析了l0年422例急性肾衰住院患者的不同病因和预后,从而找出影响其预后的重要的因素。结果急性肾衰发生常见于低血容量、手术后因素、肾毒性物质和败血症;妊娠相关性急性肾衰以妊娠子痫最高。住院中的所有患者,急性肾衰完全治愈率为16.4%,部分治愈率为37.9%,肾功能不可逆率为7.1%,死亡率为38.6%;死亡的患者中,男性多于女性,死亡率随年龄的增加而增高。结论低血容量、术后因素、肾毒性及败血症等为ARF发生的重要病因;败血症及术后因素等是ARF患者死亡的常见病因;年龄、少尿、败血症、非肾脏性脏器衰竭及是否需要透析可能对ARF患者死亡率有明显影响。

Objective The aim of this study was to elicit etiologic profiles with ARFand to determine prognosis. Methods A case--control study was carried out in 422 patients with ARF admitted to our hospital duing 10 years, analysis were perfomed to find the different etiologies cahse leading to ARF and the significant factors affecting survival. Results The most frequent causes of etiology of ARF was found as hypovolemia,postperative conditions, nephrotoxic drugs, and sepsis. The most significant cause of pregnancy--related ARF was eclampsia. OF the patients, 16.4% completely recovered,37.9% partially recovered,7.1% had irreversible renal failure, and 38.6% died. All patients who died were male more than female, and mortality rate was increased with increasing age. Conclusion The most frequen tcauses of etiology of ARF was found as hypovolemia, postperative conditions, nephr0toxic drugs, and sepsis. The most frequent causes of tiology of ARF who died were sepsis and postperativeconditions. Age, oligoanuria, sepsis, vital organ failure in addition to ARF, and if the need fordialysis were found to be the causes affecting mortality rates.