关中地区小麦品种株型变化的研究

Studies on Changes of Wheat Plant Type in Shaanxi Central Plain

对陕西关中地区５０年代以来大面积栽培及近期育成的２２个小麦品种品系株型性状进行因子分析、聚类分析和逐步回归分析，结果表明，５０年代以来小麦品种的株高构成指数、叶层重心相对高度、比叶重上升，株高、叶层重心绝对高度、叶片基角、叶片披角减小；增大穗长、叶层重心相对高度和比叶重，减小叶片的基角和披角对品种产量的提高具有正效应；冠层内的透光性主要受叶片基角。

Twelve plant type characters was studied with twenty two wheat cultivars and new lines released from 1950s to 1990s in Central Shaanxi Plain by means of factor analysis,clustering analysis and regression analysis.The result showed that the plant height component index,the relative leaf centre hight(RLCH) and the specific leaf weight (SLW) were increased,whereas the absolute leaf centre weight,the leaf basic angle (LBA) and the leaf droopy angle (LDA) were decreased.Increasing spike length,RLCH and SLW or decraesing LBA and LDA had an active effect on grain yield rise.The light permeability in canopy was mainly influenced by LBA,LDA and spike number.