计入内齿板变形的环式减速器弹性动力分析

ELASTODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF MULTI-RING GEAR REDUCERS IN CONSIDERATION OF DEFORMATIONS OF GEAR-COUPLERS

环式减速器是一类新型的少齿差行星传动装置,具有传动比大、承载能力高、结构紧凑、制造成本低和适应性广等诸多优点。为改善系统的动力学性能,建立了环式减速器的弹性动力学方程,计入了高速轴、内齿板、啮合轮齿及轴承等的弹性变形。利用ANSYS软件创建了内齿板的有限元模型,以具有等效刚度的弹簧约束内齿板的刚体运动,求解了一个机构运动周期内各相内齿板的应力、位移与弹性变形。将基于ANSYS的内齿板有限元分析与环式减速器的弹性动力分析相结合,经迭代计算,揭示了系统中各零部件的真实受力情况。研究表明,内齿板的拉压变形与弯曲变形均对环式减速器的动力学性能具有重要影响,内齿板的弹性变形将导致行星轴承的实际使用寿命低于预期的设计寿命。

The multi-ring gear reducer （MRGR） is a novel class of planetary gear transmission devices with small tooth number difference. It has numerous advantages over common gear reducers such as large transmission ratio, high loading capacity, compact volume, low fabricating cost and wide adaptability. To improve dynamic performance of the MRGR, the systematic elastodynamic equation is formulated by taking into account the elasticity of high-speed shafts, gear-couplers, meshing teeth and bearings. An ANSYS based finite element model is developed for the gear-couplers whose rigid-body motions are constrained by linear springs with equivalent stiffness. The stresses, displacements and elastic deformations of the gear-couplers are investigated in a whole motion cycle of the parallelogram mechanism. The actual loading states of the components are obtained by integrating iteratively the ANSYS based finite element analysis of the gear-couplers and the elastodynamic analysis of the MRGR. The simulation results reveal that both longitudinal and lateral deformations of the gear-couplers will greatly affect dynamic performance of the MRGR and the rating life of planetary bearings will be shortened as a result of elastic deformations of the gear-couplers.