马立克氏病疫苗免疫后鸡免疫器官组织抗体生成细胞的变化

CHANGES OF ANTIBODY-PRODUCING CELLS OF IMMUNE ORGANS AND TISSUES FROM CHICKS INOCULATED WITH MAREK'S DISEASE VACCINES

本实验分别用马立克氏病（ＭＤ）三价苗和ＨＶＴ疫苗肌肉注射免疫１日龄雏鸡，在１０、２０、４０、６０和９０日龄以兔抗鸡ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ和ＩｇＡ重链抗血清为一抗，用彩色免疫金银染色法检测法氏囊、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体和哈德尔腺的ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ和ＩｇＡ抗体生成细胞的动态变化。结果发现：雏鸡ＭＤ疫苗免疫后，法氏囊和脾脏的ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ和ＩｇＡ抗体生成细胞较对照鸡显著增多，盲肠扁桃体以ＩｇＡ抗体生成细胞为主、哈德尔腺以ＩｇＧ抗体生成细胞居多的三种抗体生成细胞数量均明显升高；三价苗免疫鸡的抗体生成细胞显著多于ＨＶＴ疫苗免疫鸡。说明ＭＤ疫苗免疫鸡全身免疫器官、呼吸道和消化道相关局部免疫组织的体液免疫反应显著增强，三价苗免疫鸡的体液免疫应答水平明显高于ＨＶＴ疫苗免疫鸡。

The experiment was conducted to immunize one-day old chicks intramuscularly with Marek's disease trivalent and turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vaccines, respectively. At the age of 10,20,40,60 and 90 days, experimental chicks were taken to detect the dynamic changes of IgG, IgM and IgA antibody-producing cells in the bursa of Fabricius, spleen,cecal tonsil and Harderian gland by use of rabbit anti-heavy chains of chicken's immunoglobulins serum and colored immunogold-silver staining technique. The results showed that the IgG, IgM and IgA antibody-producing cells significantly increased in the bursa of Fabricius and spleen of the immunized chicks compared with those of the control chicks, so did the IgA, IgG and IgM antibody-producing cells in the cecal tonsil(IGA predominantly) and Harder gland(IgG mainly) of the vaccinated chicks; there were markedly more antibody-producing cells in the immune organs and tissues of the trivalent vaccine-immunized chicks than those of HVT vaccine-immunized birds. These demonstrate that the humoral immune response was significantly enhanced not only in the systemic immune organs but also in the local immune tissues of digestive and respiratory tract of the immunized chicks; the trivalent vaccine-immunized chicks manifested stronger humoral immunity than HVT vaccine-immunized chicks.