内蒙古白绒山羊皮肤毛囊发生发育规律的研究

INITIATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SKIN FOLLICLES IN THE INNER MONGOLIAN CASHMERE GOAT

本文研究了内蒙古白绒山羊从胎儿期到生后期皮肤毛囊的发生发育规律。在胎儿期，从４５日龄开始，每隔１５ｄ，用剖腹产手术的方法取胎儿３～５只，分别在头顶、颈上 甲、背、荐、颈侧、肩、体侧、股和腹等１０个部位采取约１×１ｃｍ的皮肤样本；生后期分初生、１～９个月、１岁、１岁半、２岁和３岁等１４个阶段，每阶段在活羊体侧部采取约１×１ｃｍ的皮肤样本。用石蜡切片法制做皮肤切片。经显微观测，得到如下结果：初级毛囊在胎儿期４５日龄前发生，次级毛囊在７５日龄前发生，皮脂腺和汗腺在７５日龄时出现，竖毛肌在９０日龄出现，粗毛１０５日龄时在全身各部位长出，绒毛在１２０日龄时长出。表皮在６０～７５日龄时形成完整结构，真皮层在７５～９０日龄时分化出乳头层和网状层。初级毛囊的发育在胎儿期１３５日龄时已完成，而次级毛囊发育直至出生后６月龄。毛囊群结构主要为三毛型，少数其它毛型。初次级毛囊比例为１：７～１３。

Skin follicle initiation and development of the Inner Mongolian cashmere goat from foetal to post-natal period were studied. Skin samples were taken from fetuses at the age of 45,60,75,90,105,120 and 135 days, from kids at birth and at the age of 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and 9 months and from does at the age of 1,1.5,2 and 3 years, respectively. Skin sections were made using paraffin microtomy. The following results were obtained: primary follicles initiated before the age of 45 days in the foetalperiod, secondary follicles before the age of 75 days, sebaceous glands and sweat glands at the age of 75 days and erector muscle at the age of 90 days. Guard hair came out at the age of 105 days and cashmere at the age of 120 days. All primary follicles matured at the age of 135 days in the foetal period and secondary follicles developed until 6 months after birth. The follicle population was largely composed of primary trio groups.The S/P ratio was 1:7-13.