实时控制下短程生物脱氮的实现及其稳定性研究

Achievement and Stability of Shortcut Biological Nitrogen Removal under Real-time Control

采用小试SBR反应器处理实际生活污水,研究了实时控制条件下短程生物脱氮的实现和稳定性。结果表明,系统在实时控制条件下运行67 d,实现了较为稳定的短程硝化反硝化,亚硝酸盐积累率(NO2--N/NOx--N)>80%;在此基础上将系统改为定时运行,短程硝化则逐步受到破坏,证明了实时控制对短程硝化的维持具有重要作用。此外,考察了在实时控制条件下温度和短时高氨氮负荷对短程生物脱氮稳定性的影响。结果表明,在平均温度为20℃时,亚硝酸盐积累率有所降低但仍可稳定地维持在60%以上;高NH4+-N冲击负荷对短程生物脱氮系统的影响较小,系统恢复能力较强,恢复后的亚硝酸盐积累率>70%,表明实时控制条件下的短程硝化反硝化具有一定的稳定性。

A lab-scale SBR was employed to treat domestic wastewater and investigate the achievements and stability of shortcut biological nitrogen removal under real-time control conditions. The results show that stable shortcut nitrification and denitrification can be achieved in 67 days under real-time control conditions. The nitrite accumulation rate （ NO2^--N/NOx^--N） is over 80%. Then, the reactor is operated under fixed-time control and the nitrite accumulation rate decreases gradually. It is demonstrated that the real-time control is important to the stability of the shortcut nitrification. The effects of temperature and high ammonia nitrogen loadings on the stability of shortcut nitrification and denitrification under real-time control conditions were investigated. The results show when the average temperature is 20 ℃, the nitrate accumulation rate decreases but still remains above 60%. High ammonia shock loadings have little effect on the biological system of shortcut nitrogen removal. The system has a strong restoration ability and the nitrite accumulation rate is over 70%. This shows the stability of the system under real-time control conditions.