海南省消灭脊髓灰质炎开展强化免疫活动的效果评价

Evaluation on the Effect of Supplementary Immunization for Poliomyelitis Elimination in Hainan Province.

笔者根据海南省脊髓灰质炎(简称脊灰)历年的发病情况,以常规免疫和省内及全国强化免疫资料,对该省消灭脊灰效果进行了评价。结果表明:1993、1994两年全国强化免疫活动日的效果显著,海南省从1994年以来无脊灰野毒感染病例发生。实验室资料也证实,全国强化免疫活动日,起到了阻断Ⅰ型野毒株循环的作用。同时证实了单纯的常规免疫,难以达到消灭脊灰的目的,必须开展强化免疫日活动,在短时间内迅速形成免疫屏障,达到阻断野毒株的循环。

We appraised the effect on poliomyelitis elimination programme in Hainan Province, based on data as incidences of poliomyelitis in last years, the routine immunization and the activities on National Immunization Day (NID) and Provincial Immunization Day (PID). The result indicated that the effect of NID in 1993/1991 was remarkable. In Hainan Province, there has been no poliomyelitis case caused by wild strain of poliovirus since 1994. Laboratory data also demonstrated that NID could break the circulation of wild strain of type 1 poliovirus. We found that routine immunization alone could not effectively eliminate poliomyelitis but other activities of NID must be carried out in order to form an immunity-barrier within a short period.