我国人群的主要卫生问题——全国疾病监测死亡资料分析

Priorities of Disease Control in China—Analysis on Mortality Data of National Disease Surveillance Points System

利用全国疾病监测系统的5年死因监测资料,使用标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(YPLL)和失能调整的损失健康生命年(DALY),对我国人群的主要卫生问题进行了分析。由于人口的老龄化,感染性疾病死亡下降而导致慢性病相对重要性的上升,以及某些危险因素上升,致使肺癌等疾病呈上升趋势,从而我国的疾病模式不同于50年代的模式,呈现出这样的特点:虽然感染性疾病有所下降,构成比降低,但并未得到根本控制。同时,慢性病、意外伤害所导致的卫生问题上升,形成双重挑战。

The leading health problems in the Chinese population are analyzed with indices as standard death rate, YPLL and DALY, using data from The Chinese Diseases Surveillance Points System (DSP). Disease pattern in China is different from that in the 1950's owing to demographic transition (aging of the population), decrease of both morbidity and mortality of communicable disease etc. That made chronic disease relatively more important the increase of some risk factors, directly cause the rising of mortality and morbidity of some chronic diseases and injuries related to lung cancer and transportation. At present the character of the disease pattern is as follows:there is still a long way to go to control communicable diseases, although the incidence rates and proportion have decreased. Meanwhile, chronic diseases and injuries are becoming major health issues. Hence, China is facing double challenges.