河南省乡镇机构改革的动力机制研究

Research on The Dynamical Mechanism for Villages and Towns Organizational Reform in Henan Province

1998、2001年和2005年下半年,河南省基于缓解地方财政短缺的压力和减轻农民负担的考虑,主要围绕着“撤并乡镇、精简机构、分流人员”进行了三轮乡镇机构改革。在前二轮改革中,省、市、县、乡四级政府之间互相推脱分摊改革成本的责任,结果都变成了虎头蛇尾的“假改革”。在第三轮改革中,省委、省政府强化了相关配套措施的跟进,统筹协调各方利益主体之间的关系,着力解决改革中所引发的各种复杂矛盾,最终形成了有效整合、协调一致的合作型博弈机制,可称得上是善始善终的“真刀真枪改革”。下一步,我国将重点进行市、县两级机构改革,为防止出现低效率的重复博弈,建议党中央、国务院直接领导这项复杂而艰巨的系统工程,省一级则负责具体组织实施。

In 1998, 2001 and second half of 2005, considering of alleviating the short pres sure of the local finance and reducing the farmer burden, Henan Province has carried on three turns of villages and towns organizational reforms. In the first two turns of reforms, however, the four levels of governments （provincial, municipal, prefectural and township） all shirked the responsibility of sharing the reform cost, and finally the reforms turned to perfunctory. In the third turn of reform, the provincial government strengthened the following up of correlative measures, coordinated between the interest bodies, settled contradictories caused by reform initiatives, and finally formed a cooperative integrated gaming mechanism. This solved the ＂the great difficulty＂ question puzzling the Henan countryside development for long. China government will give emphasis on city and county organizational reforms next step. In order to prevent from low efficiency and repetitive gaming, it is suggested that the Central Party Committee and State Council should directly lead this complex but arduous reform project and that provincial government should be responsible for implementation of the project.