汉语字词与英语语词理据比较

Motivations Comparison between Chinese and English Words

语言系统有内部理据和外部理据。研究语词理据,可揭示词的表达形式与词义之间的某种内在联系。作者循着语言系统内部理据的线索,从音义、形义联系的角度和历史发展的角度对汉语字、词理据与英语语词理据进行了比较,探讨了它们的典型特征,认为汉语字、词与英语词的理据既具有共同性又具有差异性。根据语言系统外部理据线索,探讨了社会发展对理据的影响及其在认知方法如:视角、突显、细化、整合和序列方面的不同的表现。

Inherent connections between the expressing forms of the characters or words and its meanings will be dug out by the motivation researches. Following the clue of motivations existed inside language systems, comparisons of motivations between Chinese characters or words and English words were conducted from the linking of sound and meanings, that of form and meaning, and the impact of historic development, to investigate their motivation characteristics. It could be concluded that there are both similarities and differences in motivations. Following the clue outside language system, their differences were investigated in the following cognitive approaches： perspective, dominance, detailedness, integration and sequence.