非编码DNA的研究

Study on Non-coding DNA

根据生物体长期进化所产生的“fail-safe”效应,着重讨论了占基因组98％以上的非编码DNA序列的生物学功能;分析了密码子-氨基酸矩阵、密码子-反密码子矩阵在DNA复制、转录过程中防止基因突变的摇摆(Wobble)现象;阐明了基因结构中非编码“内含子”提高转录过程的可靠性;揭示了基因组中全部非编码DNA,特别是重复序列中的“转座子”在基因组中散在插入特性,构成了基因组的骨架——基因载体,对DNA分子的结构稳定性起了关键作用,从而可以减轻,乃至“屏蔽”恶劣的细胞环境对基因的干扰和损伤．

A stunning amount of informations is contained in results of human genome sequencing. Extracting, analyzing, and reading of the information have established a novel subject of bioinformatics in scientific frontier. Understanding the information, no doubt, will initiate a new age of speeding development for biology, medicine, pharmacy , and even mark an epoch in a global science. In this work, based on the ＂fail-safe＂ effect of organism, developing in a long-term evolution, we focus discussions on biological functions of non- coding DNA, which is over 98 % of total human genome sequence. We analyse, in particular, the wobble effect of codons-amino acids and codons-anticodons matrices on preventing genes from mutations during the process of DNA duplication or transcription. We clarify for the first time that, the reliability increased in the process of DNA transcription due to the existence of non-codin introns in a gene, and unveil that the global non- coding DNA, consisting mostly of transposon-derived repeats, constructs a frame-a carrier of genes, and palys a critical role in maintaining the structural stability of a DNA molecule, so that it may reduce, or even ＂shelter from＂ disturbances and injuries to genes in abnormal surroundings of a cell. All of those discussions provide many helpful references for preparing and designing anti-tumour medicamentos.