高炉炉缸炉底合理结构研究

Research on Rational Structure of BF Hearth Bottom

从传热学的角度出发,通过对炉缸炉底温度场的分析计算,论证了炉底全部砖层的热阻并不只是一个统一的整体,总热阻相同而结构不同的炉底,温度场分布也不同,阐明了全炭砖炉底和陶瓷杯复合炉缸炉底存在的弊端及其根本原因,进而根据铁水和冷却水的不同影响范围,提出“避热”和“扬冷”的概念。给出了“扬冷避热型梯度布砖法”的炉缸炉底设计,并经过计算分析论证了该类型的炉缸炉底利于可再生的“自保护”渣铁壳的形成和稳定存在,不但可以延长炉缸炉底的寿命,还可以降低其成本及热量损失。

According to the theory of heat transfer, based on the calculated temperature distribution in hearth bottom, it is clear that all the brick layers in hearth bottom can not be considered as a whole one for different structures result in different temperature distribution though total heat resistance is the same. Thus, the disadvantages of allcarbon brick and ceramic cup synthetic hearth bottoms are described. According to the effects of hot metal and cooling water, the conception of ＂heating avoidance＂ and ＂cooling intensification＂ is brought forward, and a new design BF hearth bottom is proposed, which is easy to form ＂self-protecting＂ slag layer, called ＂method of gradient brick laying＂ as an optimum combination of cooling intensification and heating avoidance＂, it can not only prolong the hearth bottom campaign but also reduce cost and heat loss.