血液蛋白质组学的研究技术及进展

Techniques for Plasma Proteome Research:Progress and Prospect

人血液含有来源于几乎所有细胞、组织、器官的蛋白质,可以直接反映病理、生理状态,是各种疾病诊断、生物标志物发现的最有价值的标本。因此,长期以来,血浆蛋白质组一直是人们研究的热点,并被人类蛋白质组组织(HUPO)列为首批启动的重大国际合作研究项目。血浆蛋白质含量动态范围非常广、成分极其复杂,血浆蛋白质组的研究极富挑战性。近年来,血浆高丰度蛋白质去除、蛋白质/肽段分离、质谱鉴定、数据处理等多种相关技术都取得了很大的进展。本文简要综述了上述技术领域的研究和应用进展。

Human blood is a large repository of proteins, containing thousands of distinct proteins secreted, shed, or lost from cells, tissues and organs throughout the body. Plasma proteins often serve as indicators of disease and are a rich source for biomarker discovery. So there has been significant interest in comprehensively characterizing the protein content of plasma all along. Plasma proteome is the first international collaboration launched by the Human Proteome Organization （HUPO）. However, the intrinsic large dynamic range and complexity of plasma proteins makes the analysis very challenging. This paper reviewed the progress on sample handling, protein/peptide separation, mass spectrometry identification and data analysis in plasma proteome research during the last few years.