云南省褐家鼠与黄胸鼠中汉坦病毒的流行病学研究

The Epidemiologic Investigation and Characterization of Hantavirus Carried by Rattus in Yunnan

目的 研究云南省褐家鼠、黄胸鼠中汉坦病毒的感染情况及其型别，以明确基因亚型及其地理分布，为该地区肾综合征出血热（HFRS）的预防控制提供科学依据。方法 捕捉鼠类取鼠肺，冷冻切片后以间接免疫荧光法检测鼠肺中汉坦病毒抗原，从阳性鼠肺标本中提取病毒RNA，利用RT—PCR扩增汉坦病毒S和M基因部分片段并测序分型，构建系统发生树进行系统发生分析。结果 共捕获褐家鼠和黄胸鼠307只，检测到阳性样品14份，阳性检出率为4．56％。分析部分S片段（600～999nt）与M片段G1区（140～640nt）、G2区（2003～2302nt）的核苷酸序列，及用部分S及G2核苷酸序列构建的系统发生树，将来自云南省8个地区的汉城病毒分为2个亚型：S1和S3亚型。结论 云南省主要为家鼠型HFRS疫区，汉城病毒有2个亚型，地理分布较广。

Objective To investigate the types and their distribution of the hantavirus carried by Rattus norvegicus and R. flabipectus in Yunnan, Methods Rodents were captured in the main epidemic areas, and hantavirus antigens in rats lungs were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Partial M and S segments were amplified in antigen-positive samples by RT-PCR, and then sequenced and analyzed. Results 307 rats were trapped in the main epidemic areas, and Hantavirus specific-antigens were identified in 14 out of the 307 R. norvegicus and R. flabipectus （4,56%）. The genetic analysis of the partial S（600-999nt）, G1 （140-640nt） and G2 （2003-2302nt） genes indicated that all hantaviruses in the 14 hantavirus-positive lung tissues are Seoul virus. The further genetic and phylogenetic analysis indicated that 14 viruses were grouped into 2 genetic subtypes, Seoul 1 and Seoul 3. Conclusion Yunnan was a Rattus-type HFRS epidemic areas. There are two subtypes of Seoul virus, ie. 1 and 3 of Seoul virus, and they distribute widely in Yunnan.