团体贷款的经验对我国国家助学贷款问题的启示

GROUP LENDING AND THE SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEMS OF THE GOVERNMENT LOAN FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS

团体贷款实际上是一种小额信贷,它在解决贫困的贷款者缺乏资产抵押,只能以个人信用作为担保的实践中获得了极大的成功。虽然它产生还不到半个世纪,但因其骄人的还贷率,被世界上50多个国家和地区所效仿,在提高贫困者的消费水平、教育支出,实现社会公平等方面取得了突出成绩。我国的国家助学贷款也是采取商业性的信用贷款,由于个人信用难以约束,大学生的助学贷款还贷违约率迅速攀升,贷款纠纷愈来愈多,许多商业银行开始对国家助学贷款惜贷甚至停贷。本文通过对国家助学贷款存在问题的分析,提出了借鉴团体贷款的经验建立新型国家助学贷款制度的对策建议。

Group lending is a form of small loan on credit, which succeeds considerably when loanees, as a result of lacking any substantial property as guaranty, can only resort to the personal credit as gage. Though it has just been practiced for less than half a century, group lending, owing to its good reputation that such loans can in most cases be duly paid back, now is quite popular in more than 50 countries and regions, bringing about noticeable achievements in ensuring social fairness as well as promoting the consumption and the education of the poor. In our country, the government loan for college students is actually commercial loan on credit. But since personal credit presently lacks enough sanction, more and more such loans can＇ t be paid back duly, which leads to increasing conflicts concerning loan. In view of this, many commercial banks have been tightfisted with such loans or even suspended them. This paper makes an analysis into the problems concerning the government loan for college students, producing ：some suggestions and solutions in the light of the experiences obtained from the practice of group lending.