中国土壤学学科发展战略研究报告

RESEARCH REPORT ON THE DESCIPLINE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF PEDOLOGY IN CHINA

土壤是固态地球表面具有生命活动、处于生物与环境间进行物质循环和能量交换的疏松表层。它既是独立的历史自然体，也是最易受人类活动影响、为人类提供食物的自然资源。科学地开发和利用土壤在国民经济建设，特别是在农业生产和改善环境中具有重要作用。土壤学作为主要研究土壤中的物质运动规律及其与环境间相互关系的科学，是农业科学和资源环境科学的基础学科之一。随着自然科学的发展，土壤学的研究不断有新的推进。特别是当前世界进入以经济、科技为主体的竞争年代，人类面临人口－资源－环境间的尖锐矛盾，使土壤学面临着十分严峻的挑战。本报告分析了土壤学的发展趋向及我国土壤学发展中的主要问题，提出了我国土壤学近期研究的重点领域、发展的措施和展望。

Soil is the loose surficial layer of the solid earth surface in which there is life activities, mass cycles and energy excpanges between living things and environment.It is both independent historical-natural system and natural resource which provides food for human beings and is easily influenced by human activities. It is important that scientific exploitation and utilization of soil in the national economy construction, especially in agricultural preduce and environment amelionation. As the science of studing the motion law of materials in soil and the relationship between soil and environment, soil science is one of the basic desciplines of agricultural science and resource and environmental sciences.This report analyses thedevelopmental trends of pedology and the major problems in the developmental of pedology in China, put forwards the focal study domains in the near,prospects the future development of pedology, and put forths the measurements improving the development of pedology.