豫粤两省孕产妇家庭暴力现况比较

Comparison of Domestic Violence Among Women During Pregnancy and Post Partum Between Henan and Guangdong Province

目的：在不同地域的较大范围内初步了解我国孕期及产后妇女家庭暴力的发生现况，分析产生家庭暴力的原因及其影响因素。方法：采用整体抽样的方法，于2004年3月～2004年9月在河南省和广东省的部分城镇医院产科门诊和住院部对待产及产后复查的2835名妇女进行问卷调查。结果：2835人中孕期曾发生家庭暴力的327人，发生率为11．5％；河南省孕期家庭暴力发生率为16．8％，广东省发生率为6．4％。1776名产后妇女调查对象中464人遭受家庭暴力，发生率26．1％；河南省发生率为33．7％，广东省发生率为17．4％，两地发生率明显不同（P〈0．001，OR=3．0）。孕妇家庭暴力发生的影响因素主要包括：文化程度和职业、家庭收入、家庭生活状况、社会文化背景等。在与非暴力组相比，暴力组孕妇的各种身心健康问题发生率明显增高（P〈0．001）。结论；家庭暴力在我国城镇妇女孕期及产后有一定发生，且产后发生率较高，家庭暴力严重影响孕产妇身心健康，应该从多方面进行干预。

Objective： To investigate the current status of domestic violence among women during pregnancy and post partum in different section in China, and analyze the reasons and possible factors which will lead into domestic violence. Methods： 2 835 women who saw doctors in department of obstetrics of the hospitals during pregnancy and post partum in Henan province and Guangdong province from March 2004 to September 2004 were sampled to be asked to finish a structure questionnaire. Results： Among the 2 835 women 327 of them （ 11.5% ） were reported to experienced domestic violence during pregnancy, and 16.8% in Henan province, 6. 4% in Guangdong province. Among 1 776 women 464 of them （26. 1% ） were reported to experienced domestic violence during post partum, and 33.7% in Henan province, 17.4% in Guangdong province. The main possible factors which will lead into domestic violence include education degree, occupation, family earning, family living status and background of society and culture. Compare with the women who did not suffer domestic violence during pregnancy and post partum, there are more health problems of body and mind occurred in the women who suffered domestic violence during pregnancy and post partum （P 〈 0. 001 ） . Conclusion： There was relatively prevalence of domestic violence among women during pregnancy and post partum, and it is higher in post partum. As domestic violence did severe harm to body and mind of pregnancy women, we should disturb from the most aspects.