覆草旱作和常规水作对水稻品种产量及构成因素的影响

Effects on yields and components of varieties under upland cultivation with rice straw mulching and normal lowland cultivation

通过早晚季覆草旱作和常规水作在两种施肥方式下的试验,对广东省常规优质稻主栽品种丰华占和粤香占的产量及其构成因素进行了研究.方差分析表明,早季,水分管理和施肥方式对两品种产量及构成因素无显著影响;晚季,两品种覆草旱作时产量显著低于常规水作,粤香占每穗实粒数和千粒重分别受施肥方式的影响达显著和极显著水平,粤香占产量、丰华占单科穗数受水分管理与施肥方式互作效应的影响分别达显著和极显著水平.因此,广东早季实行水稻覆草旱作是完全可行的,建议晚季采用常规水作以获最大产量.

Fenghuazhan and Yuexiangzhan were grown by upland cultivation with rice straw mulching （M） and normal lowland cultivation （N） with two fertihzation patterns in early and late cropping seasons in 2004 in Guangdong. ANOVA showed effects on yields and components of varieties caused by management of water and patterns of fertilization were not significant in early-cropping season and in late-cropping season, yields of two varieties under upland cultivation with rice straw mulching were significantly lower than those under normal lowland cultivation, effects on filled grains/panicle and 1000-grain of fertihzation were significant and highly significant, respectively, weight of Yuexiangzhan caused by pattems effects on yield of Yuexiangzhan and panicles/plant of Fenghuazhan caused by interaction of management of water and patterns of fertilization were significant and highly significant, respectively, Therefore, upland cultivation with rice straw mulching in early-cropping season in Guangdong is feasible, and normal lowland cultivation in late-cropping season for high yield is commended.