从新构造运动看察尔汗盐湖的形成

THE FORMATION OF THE QARHAN SALINE LAKES AS VIEWED FROM THE NEOTECTONIC MOVEMENT

通过对东昆仑山地层、地貌与新构造运动特征的研究查明,距今0.03Ma以前,该区在昆中断裂以南,西起现今那棱格勒河中、上游,东至阿拉克湖-托素湖之间,存在一系列古湖,有的还是盐湖。其中古那棱格勒湖和昆仑湖主要受与火山有关的热水补给,B、Li、K含量相对较高。距今0.03 Ma以来发生的新构造运动导致东昆仑山水系向南侵蚀,使古湖水被袭夺并补给察尔汗地区,因而在那棱格勒河上游南岸与近现代火山及断裂活动有关的热泉,就成了祭尔汗盐湖盐类物质的一个重要来源。

Investigations of stratigraphy, geomorphology and neotectonic movement in the Eastern Kunlun Mountains show that there existed a series of ancient lakes, including some saline lakes, in thestudy region about 30,000 years ago. They were distributed south of the middle K(?)lun fault, from the middle-upper reaches of the present Nalinggele River in the west to the Alag Lake-Toson Lake in the east. Of these the ancient Nalinggele Lake and Kunlun Lake were mainly recharged by the hot water related to volcanos, so the B, Li and K contents are relatively high.The neotectonic movement that initiated at 30,000 a B. P. caused the river system of the Eastern Kunlun Mountains to invade southwards; as a result the ancient lake water was captured and recharged the Qarhan area. Therefore the hot springs related to recent volcanism and faulting on the south bank of the upper reaches of the Nalinggele River became an important source of saline materials of the Qarhan Lake.