玉米种子休眠性的数量遗传分析

Quantitative Genetic Analysis of Seed Dormancy in Maize(Zea mays L.)

运用植物数量性状主基因＋多基因混合遗传模型多世代联合分析的方法，对普通玉米自交系R08与A318杂交组合的P1、P2、F1、F2：3、B1：2和B2：2 6个世代群体的种子休眠性进行了分析。结果表明，它们的遗传符合1对负向完全显性主基因＋加性一显性多基因模型。在R2：3、B1：2和B2：2三个家系世代，主基因方差分别为0．9260、1．4176和0．5863；多基因方差分别为0．1184、0．1022和0．4623。主基因加性效应值为1．2172，显性效应值为-1．2172；多基因加性效应值为1．5028，显性效应值为1．4334。主基因遗传率在R2：3、B1：2和B2：2三个分离家系群体中为44．8％～79．65％，多基因遗传率为5．74％～35．33％。其中，主基因遗传率在B1：2世代中最大，为79．65％。

Inheritance of seed dormancy in the cross R08 x A.318 in Zea rnays L. was detected by applying the major gene plus poly-gene model of quantitative traits to a joint analysis of multi-generations （Pl, P2, F1, B1：2, B2：2 and F2：3 ）. The results indicated that seed dormancy in the cross R08 × A.318 was controlled by one major gene with entirely dominance effects plus polygene with additive-dominance effects（ the D-4 model）. Genetic variance values of the major gene in B1：2, B2：2 and F2：3 populations were estimated as 0. 5863, 0. 9260 and 1.4176, while those of polygene were 0.4623, 0.1184 and 0. 1022, respectively. And the additive effects values and dominance effects values of major gene was estimated as 1. 2172 and - 1. 2172, while those of polygene were 1. 5028 and 1.4334. Heritability values of the major gene in B1：2 , B2：2 and F2：3 populations were estimated as 79.65% , 44.8% and 71% while those of polygene were 5.74% , 35.33% and 9.07% ,respectively. There was the maximum value of heritability in the B1：2 population.