我国死刑复核程序之改革

On the reform of China's death penalty checking procedure

死刑复核程序为我国大陆死刑案件裁判生效之必经程序,对于保障死刑适用之审慎性和准确性有着重要意义。但由于死刑核准权之下放、法律规定之死刑复核审理方式不科学等原因,我国大陆死刑复核程序存在程序虚置、复核标准不统一、行政程序色彩浓厚等问题。我国理论界和实务界有废除论和完善论两种观点,而以完善论为主流之观点。完善论提倡以保留我国死刑复核程序为前提重构我国死刑复核程序和法院体制。在此现实背景和理论背景下,最高人民法院扛起改革大旗,收回死刑复核权之同时,改原来死刑案件二审之书面审为开庭审,是为我国大陆死刑复核程序之重大进步。死刑复核程序之改革蕴含着公正与效率的博弈,其改革无非是还原其司法程序性质和本来的价值追求,目前之改革趋势亦朝着此方向发展。

The death penalty checking procedure is the necessary procedure in our continental law, which is very important tO ensure the wariness and the veracity of the application of the death penalty. But for the lowering down of the power of checking the death penalty and the unscientific stipulation in the law, the death penalty checking procedure in our continental law has some problems such as the emptiness of the law, the disunity of the checking standard, the deep color of the administration. So we should take part in the discussion on the law and form the abolish theory and the complete theory, and then reconstruct our death penalty checking procedure and the count system on the base of the complete theory advocating the preserving the death penalty checking procedure. In the practice, the supreme court should take back the death penalty checking power and change the primary the second adjudement by writing to by sitting, which is a great progress in our continental law. We think that it is a game of the equality and the efficiency in the reform of the death penalty checking procedure, and the reform is the deoxidization of the actual value of the judicatory procedure and the direction of the law development.