球床堆芯进水的实验研究

The Experimental Research of Water Ingress in HTR Core

由于经济上的原因，大多数高温气冷堆（ＨＴＲ）系统都是慢化不充分的。当水或蒸汽事故进入堆芯时（如蒸汽发生器管道破裂）会引起系统反应性增加和控制棒价值减小，这将危及堆的安全性。用加水来进行进水实验对大多数ＨＴＲ堆芯结构是不可行的，因为堆芯进水量难以控制，进水后要从石墨中把水除去很困难，并且从安全考虑也不合适。在堆芯插入聚乙烯（ＣＨ２）棒可以模拟球床堆芯进水的反应性变化。插入不同直径和不同数量的聚乙烯棒可以模拟不同的进水量。

Most High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTR ) systems are significantly under- moderated for economic reasons, so that accidental water or steam ingress.e.g. due to the rupture of a steam generator tube, can increase the reactivity of the system significantly and decrease the worth of the control rods.These will affect the safety of the system. Water ingress experiments with water are not feasible in most of HTR core configurations because of the difficulties in obtaining precisely controlled amounts of water in the core and in later removing water from the graphite and safety considerations. Water ingress effects can be studied by inserting the palyethylene (CH2) plastic rods into the core. Inserting different quantities of polyethylene plastic rods with different diameters in the core can simulate different amounts of water ingress.