糖尿病视网膜病变发生危险因素的病例对照分析

The case-control study of the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy

目的探讨糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)发生的相关危险因素。方法收集107例糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者和不伴有视网膜病变的糖尿病(NDR)患者102例,分别就其可能诱发DR的危险因素如病程、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血压、血脂、纤维蛋白原水平和尿白蛋白等因素进行病例对照研究。结果通过单因素方差分析发现,糖尿病患者的病程长、空腹血糖升高、血中糖化血红蛋白升高、高血压病、尿白蛋白升高和血浆纤维蛋白原升高与DR的发病呈显著正相关,血清甘油三酯、胆固醇与DR发病无显显相关关系。结论糖尿病视网膜病变的发生和发展与患者的病程、血糖水平、糖化血红蛋白、合并高血压病、尿蛋白以及血浆纤维蛋白原水平升高有关,预防上述危险因素,可减少DR的发生发展。

Objective To assess the relevant risk factors of diabetic retinopathy （DR）. Methods The caws-control study was used to explore the potential risk factors of DR such as duration of diabetes, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood glycosylated hemoglobin, serum fibrinogen, triglyceride, cholesterol and urine microalbumin in 107 patients with DR （DR group） and 102 patients without DR （NDR group）. Results After the analysis, the duration of diabetes, blood glucose level, glycosylated hemoglobin, systemic hypertension, serum fibringen and urine microalbumin were associated with DR. There were not relations between the serum lipid and the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy. Conclusions Minimize or prevent the above-mentioned risk factors, the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy could be minimized.