1Palombo J D,DeMichele S J,Lydon E,et al.Cyclic vs continuous enteral feeding with omega-3 and gamma-linolenic fatty acids:effects on modulation of phospholipid fatty acids in rat lung and liver immune cells[J].JPEN,1997,21:123-132.
2Calder P C.Dietary modification of inflam mation with lipids[J].Proc Nutr Soc,2002,61:345-358.
4Mayer K,Meyer S,Reinholz-Muhly M,et al.Short-time infusion of fish oil-based lipid emulsions,approved for parenteral nutrition,reduces monocyte proinflammatory cytokine generation and adhesive interaction with endothelium in humans[J].J Immunol,2003,171:4837-4843.
5Waitzberg D L,Lotierzo P H,Logullo A F,et al.Parenteral lipid emulsions and phagocytic systems[J].Br J Nutr,2002,87(Suppl 1):S49-57.
6Mayer K,Gokorsch S,Fegbeutel C,et al.Parenteral nutrition with fish oil modulates cytokine response in patients with sepsis[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2003,167:1321-1328.
7Suchner U,Katz D P,Furst P,et al.Impact of sepsis,lung injury,and the role of lipid infusion on circulting prostacyclin and thromboxane A(2)[J].Intensive Care Med,2002,28:122-129.
9Waitzberg D L,Bellinati-Pires R,Salgado M M,et al.Effect of total parenteral nutrition with different lipid emulsions of human monocyte and neutrophil functions[J].Nutrition,1997,13:128-132.
10Waitzberg D L,Bellinati-Pires R,Yamaguchi N,et al.Influence of medium chain triglyceride-based lipid emulsion on rat polymorphonuclear cell functions[J].Nutrition,1996,12:93-99.
二级参考文献18
1Valero M A,Alegre E,Gomis P, et al.Clinical management of hyperglycaemic patients receiving total parenteral nutrition[J]. Clin Nutr,1996,15:ll - 15.
2Heimburger O,Lindholm B,Bergstrom J. Nutritional effects and nutritional management of chronic peritoneal dialysis. In : Kopple J D, Massry S G, eds. Nutritional management of renal disease[M]. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1997. 619 - 668.
3Lindholm M. The ability of critically ill patients to eliminate fat emulsions [J].J Drug Dev,1991,4(Suppl 3) :40 -42.
4Forsberg E, Soop M, Lepape A, et al.Metabolic and thermogenic responses to continuous and cyclic total parenteral nutrition in traumatised and infected patients[J]. Clin Nutr, 1994, 13: 291 -301.
5Bellomo R, Martin H, Parkin G, et al.Continuous arteriovenous hemodiafiltration in the critically ill:influence on major nutrient balances [J ]. Intensive Care Med,1991,17:399 - 402.
6Kopple J D. Nutritional management of acute renal failure. In:Kopple J D, Massty S G,eds. Nutritional management of renal disease[M]. Baltimore :Williams Wilkins, 1997. 713 - 754.
7Clevenger F W, Rodriguez D J.Decision-marking for enteral feeding administration: the why behind whereand how[J]. Nutr Clin Praetiee, 1995,10:104 -113.
8Nordenstrom J. Peripheral parenteral nutrition: changing trend in intravenous feeding [J]. Nutrition, 1992, 8: 440 -441.
9Elia M. Changing concepts of nutrient requirements in disease: implications for artificial nutritional support [J]. Lancet,1995,345:1279 - 1284.
10Druml W. Nutritional management of acute renal failure. In: Nitch W E, Klahr S, eds. Nutrition and the kidney [M].Second ed. Boston, New York, Toronto,London: Little Brown and Company,1993. 314 - 345.
