试论彭禹廷“三自主义”理论的实践途径

On the Practice of Peng Yuting's "Three Selfs" Principle

20世纪20年代末,“辞官”回乡的河南镇平人彭禹廷,“以剿匪救民为职志”。他从剿匪救民生涯中深切地感受到,即使剿灭匪患,尚不能“救穷”致富,不能抵御“匪式军队”、贪官污吏的压迫。所以,为实现积极的人生观,而“上下求索”“治本之方法”———以孙中山的“为人民求幸福的”“三民主义”为理论基础,创立了“自卫、自治、自富”“三自主义”理论。并在“三自主义”理论的指导下,掀起了历时十余年的宛西自治,使宛西自治区域成为被世人称颂的“世外桃源”、“自治天堂”。

In the late 1920s, Peng Yuting returned to his homeland after resignation, with the will of suppressing bandits and saving people. However, through the practice, he felt that even if he succeeded in wiping out the bandits, it was still impossible for common people to be enriched and protected from banditlike army and corrupt officials. So in order to make his dream come true, Peng Yuting strived and created the theory of “Three Sells”, i. e. “self-defense, self-government, self-prosperity”, based on Sun Zhongshan＇s “Three Principles of the People”. With the guidance of the theory, he initiated the Autonomy in Western Nanyang, which brought the Land of Peach Blossoms and Paradise to the inhabitants.