提高切花真空预冷效果的技术措施

Methods to Accelerate Vacuum Cooling of Cut Flowers

由小型试验到大型中试，探讨了真空预冷中各种花材的降温特点及提高预冷效果的技术措施。结果表明，在给定的相同真空预冷处理条件下，北京和昆明生产的同一种花材降温速度差异较小；但是相同地域栽培的不同花材降温速度差异较大。喷水和吸水处理有效地提高了预冷速度，其中，吸水处理使４种花材在相近短时间内达到了很好的预冷效果。研究结果不仅为提高切花真空预冷效果提供了一项技术措施。

Rose((Rosa hybrida), carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus), gypsophila (Gypsophila elegans) and statice(Limonium simuatum) were used as materials to investigate the rate of cooling of these flowers during vacuum cooling in this paper The results are as follows: At the same speed of vacuum chamber pressure reduction, similar rates of cooling were obtained for one kind of flower in Beijing and Kunming respectively, but not for different kinds of flowers in the same area. Although the cooling rate could be increased obviously with both water spray and stem water absorbing, the stem water absorbing could achieve excellent cooling effects with 4 different kinds of flowers in short time simultaneously. These results provide a new method for accelerating vacuum cooling.