一种高性能两相步进电动机细分驱动器的设计

Design of a high-performance microstepping driver for two-phase stepping motors

以高性能单片机C8051F005和全桥脉宽调制(PWM,Pulse W idth Modula-tion)驱动电路3955为核心实现了一种结构简单的高性能、多细分、微型化两相混合式步进电动机驱动器.该系统采用正弦波电流细分驱动和双极性、固定关断时间的恒流斩波控制方式,可调的电流衰减模式可以进一步改善步进电动机绕组的电流波形.驱动器最高细分数为256,提供细分选择、正反向控制、半流控制、使能控制,以及过压、欠压、过流、过热等电动机驱动器的保护功能.此外,系统还具有在系统调试和升级能力.从驱动器的总体设计、不同细分下电流参考信号生成和绕组电流控制等方面对该方案进行了详细的论述,实验结果证明该步进电动机高细分驱动器方案结构简单、可靠性高、运行平稳,具有良好的运行矩频特性.

Based on mixed-signal ISP flash MCU C8051F005 and full-bridge pulse width modulation （PWM） integrated circuit 3955, a microstepping driver with high performance, simple structure and ultra small size was designed for two-phases hybrid stepping motors. The driver utilized advanced sinusoidal current subdivided technique and fixed off-time PWM current control. Adjustable mixed current decay mode optimized the output current further. The stepping motor system provided selectable subdividing up to 256, and offered functions including direction control, half current control, enable/disable option, etc. It also had the ability of simulation and update program on system. In addition, over voltage, under voltage, over current and over temperature protections were also included for the driver＇s high reliability. System design, generation of reference voltage for the phase current in different resolution and armature current control technique were detailed descried. The experiment results confirm that the microstepping driver has the characteristic of high performance, high reliability and good torque/frequency characteristic.