石板材加工行业的水环境污染特征研究

Pollution Characteristics of Water Environment Caused by Stone-processing Industry

福建省是我国石材加工大省，石材生产过程中排放的废水严重污染了当地的水环境．通过对石材排放废水、污染溪流或背景溪流的物理性质包括浊度、粒径分布和吸收光谱特征3方面的研究，发现石材加工厂排放废水的浊度值范围为1620～3250度；敖江流域内受石材废水严重污染的区域为古田鹤塘溪和连江蓼沿溪；石材废水的浊度指标与悬浮物和总残渣指标存在一定的对应关系，但浊度指标更灵敏和简单方便．对石材废水浊度指标进一步分析，发现浊度高低与溶液中固体颗粒粒径大小有关，同时浊度值与吸光值在特征吸收波段存在对数关系．

Fujian Province is abundant of raw stone materials, and stone-processing industry is prospering there. However, the sewage water out of stone-processing has been a disaster for local water environment, moreover, there is not still the respond water quality standards for the industry. The sewage water, the polluted stream water and the unpolluted stream water are sampled and analyzed for the indicators such as turbidity degree, particle distribution and absorbed spectrum. The resu;ts show that the turbidity of factory sewage is 1 620-3 250 degree; Hetang and Liaoyan streams are seriously polluted by stone-industries; Turbidity of water is positively related to the normal indicators such as the suspended substance （SS） and total residual, however, it is more sensitive and convenient in water monitoring. Meanwhile, there is close relationship between turbidity and particle size. Among the particular spectrum length, there exists some weak logarithm relationship between turbidity and the absorbed spectrum value.