改革开放以来中国城市化水平的地区差异变动分析

The analysis on differencesof Regional Urbanization level in China since Reform and Open Policy

利用1982—2000年基于我国第五次人口普查标准的城市化水平修正值,分析了改革开放以来我国城市化发展的地域差异变动型式,指出,(1)我国城市化发展的省际相对差距趋于缩小,速度趋缓;(2)三大地带内部的省际差距缩小,地带间的省际差距扩大;(3)在假定人均GDP、初始工业结构等制约条件后,城市化速度(1990—2000)与初始城市化水平(1990)为典型的条件趋同;(4)乡镇企业发展、外资利用是导致东、中西部之间具有不同城市化发展稳态的关键因素.

Based on the data of the fifth population census in 2000 and urbanization level during 1982-2000, the changing characteristics of the regional urbanization differences are analyzed since 1978 when the Reform and Opening policy was performed in China. The following conclusions are drawn. Firstly, the relative provincial differences of urbanization level decreased, and the changing rate slowed down. Secondly, the provincial differences of urbanization level decreased in the same Macro-regional zone, while the differences increased in different zones at the level of the province. Thirdly, if there are the certain per-GDP and initial industry structures,the urbanization rate during1990- 2000 and the initial urbanization level in 1990 are typical condition convergence. Fourthly, the development of village enterprises and the introduction of foreign investment are the key factors which lead to different urbanization homeostasis in eastern, central and western zones of China.