玉林市社区居民高血压流行特征及影响因素

ANALYSIS ON HYPERTENSION PREVALENCE STATUS AND ITS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS IN YULIN,GUANGXI

目的：了解社区居民高血压的流行病学特征及其影响因素，为高血压的防制提供依据。方法：采用横断面研究的方法，在广西玉林市城区随机抽取5个社区，用年龄分层随机抽取35-74岁的常住居民1390人（其中男性448人，女性942人）进行调查。结果：该人群高血压现患率男性为31．03％，女性为29．94％，两性间差异无统计学意义。男性年龄、腰围（WC），女性年龄、体重指数（BMI）、WC、臀围（HC）、每周饮用绿茶≥5次与高血压现患率呈正相关（P均〈0、05），两性文化程度、体力强度与高血压现患率呈强的负相关（P均〈0．001）。女性每周饮用牛奶≥5次、家庭年人均可支配收入≥3000元组的高血压现患率分别显著低于〈5次和〈3000元的组（P均〈0．05）。逐步回归分析显示，在男性中，最终进入收缩压（SBP）回归方程的因素为年龄和WC（β值分别为0．893和0．386，常数项为45．747）；进入舒张压（DBP）回归方程的因素为年龄和WC（β值分别为0．153和0．302，常数项为47．472）。在女性中，最终进入SBP回归方程的因素为年龄、BMI和WC（β值分别为0．926、0．803和0．255，常数项为37．461）；进入DBP回归方程的因素为年龄、WC和HC（β值分别为0．144、0．152和0．235，常数项为36．657）。结论：该市社区居民高血压的危险因素有年龄、BMI、WC、HC和经常饮用绿茶。而文化程度、体力强度、经常饮用牛奶和经济收入是高血压的保护性因素。

Objective： To know prevalence status and its influential factors of hypertension of resident communities of Yulin city. Methods： Cross-sectional study was used, 1 390 residents aged 35-59 （448 males and 942 females） were selected by age -stratified sampling in five random resident communities of Yulin city. Results： The prevalence rates of hypertension in male and female were 31.03 % and 29.94 %. The prevalence rates of hypertension in male was not significant different when compared with female. Age, waist circumference （WC） were positively correlated with the prevalence rates of hypertension of male （P〈 0.05）. Age, body mass index （BMI）, WC, hip circumference （HC） and frequency of drinking tea per week （≥5 times） were positively correlated with the prevalence rates of hypertension of female （P〈 0.05）. In the sampling populations, education degree, labor intensity were negatively correlated with the prevalence rates of hypertension （P 〈 0.001）. The prevalence rates of hypertension in the group of frequency of drinking milk per week （≥5 times） and the mean income of family per year （INCOME）≥3 000 RMB in female were significantly lower （P 〈 0.05）. The stepwise regression analysis showed that age, WC were chosen into the SBP regression equation in male （13：0.893 and 0.386, constant： 45.747）, age, WC were chosen into the DBP regression equation in male （β： 0.153, 0.302, constant： 47.472）. Age, BMI and WC were chosen into the SBP regression equation in female （β： 0.926, 0.803, 0.255, constant： 37.461）, age, WC and HC were chosen into the DBP regression equation in female （β： 0.144, 0.152, 0.235, constant： 36. 657）. Conclusion： The age, BMI, WC, HC, and frequency of tea drinking were the risk factors of hypertension. And degree of education, labor intensity, frequency of milk drinking and INCOME were protective factors.