论民族精神发展的影响因素与基本规律

The Factors and Fundament Law in the Evolvement of National Ethos

同人类社会的发展有自己的规律一样,民族精神的发展演变也遵循一定的规律:一方面,民族精神在发展过程中受到了自然地理环境和社会历史及现实条件的影响和作用,与外部条件的联系使之在发展演变中遵循着外部制约规律;另一方面,民族精神在本质上属于人类精神和社会意识范畴,它在发展过程中又具有自身特殊的规律。以马克思主义的辩证法规律为基础来考察,我们认为,民族精神发展的外部制约规律集中体现在它受到民族所处的社会经济、政治和文化状况及其程度和水平的制约,而民族精神自身发展演变的规律则主要表现为其在盛衰之间更替、在适应中实现超越、不断传承和取舍以及在既定条件下发生临界性易变的规律。

During its evolvement, national ethos is influenced by such external factors as natural, social and historical environments. Simultaneously, as one kind of social ideology, it also has its own internal rule of evolvement. In the development of national ethos, the external law lies in the restrictions and limitations by social conditions such as economic, political and cultural ones. Its internal law may be classified as the law of booming and declining in turn, the law of adapting and surpassing, the law of selected inheriting and the law of critical changing.