球孢白僵菌对非目标无脊椎动物致病性的研究

Study on Pathogenecity of Beauveria Bassiana on Non-target Invertebrates

本研究首次提出了大面积、长期放菌后，球孢白僵菌（Ｂｅａｕｖｅｒｉａｂａｓｓｉａｎａ）对无脊椎动物致病性的评价方法。春季在连日高湿（ＲＨ＞９０％）的马尾松纯林中释放超高剂量孢子粉（每６６７ｍ ２用量为１００ｇ，每ｇ含孢量＞１０００×１０ ８），１个月后目标昆虫马尾松毛虫（Ｄｅｎｄｒｏｌｉｍｗｓｐｕｎｃｔａｔｕｓ）感病死亡率达９８．２％，对非目标昆虫则影响极小，只在试验区及隔离区内各发现１头螺纹蓑蛾（Ｃｌａｎｉａｃｒａｍｅｒｉ）感病虫尸，这表明放菌未影响节肢动物群落结构。此外，还在皖南几种类型白僵菌防治区内共设立９块标准地，１９９２～１９９５年每月１次调查非目标无脊椎动物感病种数、个体数及百分率。发现罹病物种数＜０．９５％，罹病个体数＜０．１５％。

In the present paper,3 kinds of method for evaluating pathogenecity ofBeaitveria bassiana on non-target invertebrates in repeatedly applied large area with B. bassiana were put forward.In continously moist spring days,high dose conidia were used totreat pine plantation and then numbers of organism species,individuals,and infected cadaverswere investigated regularly.The result showed that 98.2%of the Masson's pine caterpillar,the target pest died due to infection while the effect on non-target invertebrates was verypcor,with 1 cadaver of bagworm,Clania crameri,in treated area,control area,and separat-ing area,respectively.Mathemetical ecological analyses indicated no effect of fungal treat-ment on community structure of arthropods. Plots were established in different types of Beauveria bassianapplication areas in southern Anhui,investigated once a month from Au-gust 1992 to August 1993,and infected species<0. 95%and infected individuals <0.14%were recorded.Pine trunks were sampled in Novembers to Januaries of 1992 to 1995,andinfected individuals<0.06%were recorded.