厌氧-好氧移动床生物膜反应器串联处理垃圾渗滤液

Treatment of Landfill Leachate Using Sequential Anaerobic/Aerobic Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor

采用厌氧-好氧移动床生物膜反应器串联处理城市垃圾渗滤液．探讨了各种操作条件对垃圾渗滤液生物降解效率的影响，并对其影响机理作了分析．结果表明，水力停留时间和有机容积负荷对系统的处理效率影响较大，当系统进水的COD容积负荷在4．01～7．87kg／（m3·d）范围内，系统COD平均总去除率为94．2％，其中厌氧反应器对COD的去除率占总去除率的87．95％～92．76％；当系统进水的容积负荷高达10．23～16．14kg／（m^3·d）时，系统总COD平均去除率仍高达92．64％，其中厌氧反应器对COD的去除率占总去除率的79．05％～86．56％．当好氧段HRT大于1．25d，系统对氨氮的总去除率始终在97％以上．当HRT=0．75d时，系统对氨氮的总去除率仅在20％左右．该系统具有很强的抗冲击负荷能力，即使在24h内受到超过正常运行负荷4倍的冲击时，系统经过约3d可恢复正常．

A sequential anaerobic-aerobic moving-bed biofilm reactor （MBBR） was employed to treat landfill leachate produced from disposal of municipal solid waste. The affecting operation conditions were investigated, and the affecting mechanism was also analyzed. The results showed that the HRT and organic loading rate （OLR） could greatly influence the treat efficiency. When the influent OLR was in the range of 4.01 -7.87 kg/（m^3·d）, the average total COD removal efficiency was 94.2%, and the contribution of anaerobic stage to total COD removal efficiency was 87.95 % -92.76 % ; while the influent OLR was in the range of 10.23-16.14 kg/（m^3· d）, the average total COD removal efficiency was still 92.64 %, and the contribution of anaerobic stage to total COD removal efficiency was 79.05% -86.56%. As long as HRT of aerobic MBBR was longer than 1.25 d, the total HN4^＋ -N removal efficiency was persistently more than 97% ; while the HRT was 0.75 d, the total HN4^＋ -N removal efficiency was only about 20 %. The sequential anaerobic-aerobic MBBR can endure strong loading impact, even though the OLR was sharply increased 4 times and lasted for 24 h; the system could recover the normal treat efficiency in 3 d.