工作记忆成分在传递性推理中的作用

The Roles of Working Memory's Components in Transitive Reasoning

采用双任务(dual-task)实验范式,探讨工作记忆成分在五项系列问题(five-term task)这种传递性推理中的作用。被试为80名大学生,实验材料为32个空间和时间内容的传递性推理题目。结果发现:(1)空间位置和时间关系的推理结果都支持心理模型理论,而不支持形式规则理论。(2)在推理前提的加工阶段,中央执行系统和视空间模板发挥着关键作用,语音环路没有参与;而在结论的推理阶段,工作记忆的三个成分均发挥了作用。(3)传递性推理在工作记忆系统中采用视空间编码进行表征。

Using the dual-task experimental paradigm, this study discussed the roles of working memory＇s components in transitive reasoning of a five-term task. This experiment involved 80 college students , and the material included 32 transitive reasoning questions with spatial and temporal contents. The results showed ： （ 1 ） the solution of transitive reasoning with spatial and temporal contents supported the mental model theory, not the formal rule theory. （2） The central executive system and the visuo-spatial sketch pad had a critical role in the premise intake, while the phonological loop played no role in this stage, but only participated in the reasoning solution. （3） The representation of transitive reasoning was a visuo-spatial code.