野生二粒小麦抗白粉病基因向普通小麦转移的研究

Studies on Transfer of the Powdery Mildew Resistant Gene from T.dicoccoides into T.aestivum

野生二粒小麦（资源代号：ＡＳ８４６）叶鞘被有茸毛，穗轴脆易断；对小麦白粉病、条锈病免疫。普通小麦与其杂交和回交，Ｆ１回交结实率是杂交结实率的３～４倍；野生二粒小麦性状在Ｆ１呈显性，ＢＣ１开始分离；Ｆ３形态指示性状出现中间类型，一直到高代还保留这种类型。形态指示性状与抗白粉性连锁不紧密，不能作为抗白粉性的选择标志。在普通小麦和野生二粒小麦的单交组合里，通过定向选择，选育出了农艺性状好。

One accession of T.dicoccoides, which is immune to powdery mildew and yellow rust, was used in this test. With T.aestivum crossed and backcrossed to the accession of T.dicoccoides, the seed set of BC 1 is three times higher than that of F 1 . The characters of T.dicoccoides, such as hairiness of leaf sheath,fragility of rachies at maturity and immunity to powdery mildew, are dominance in F 1 and begin to segregate after backcrossing to T.aestivum. The results also showed that the marker traits of T.dicoccoides are not linkage to the powdery mildew resistance. Moreover, by continuing seletion, an excellent line N9134-2-11-1 with durable resistance to powdery mildew and desirable agronomic characters was obtained from the generation of the combinations between T.aestivum and T.dicoccoides.