老年患者呼吸机相关性肺炎的危险因素与防治对策

Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Aged Patients:Risk Factors and Prevention Strategy

目的探讨老年患者呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的危险因素,以制定防治对策。方法对155例老年VAP患者进行了年龄、基础疾病、机械通气方法、抗菌药物使用情况、感染致病菌调查与统计分析。结果155例患者均有严重的基础疾病;进行了气管插管与气管切开治疗;使用过多种抗菌药物;感染致病菌均为多重耐药细菌。结论防治VAP应采取综合性防治措施,以预防为主,缩短机械通气时间,重视消毒隔离,加强机械通气患者的护理。

OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors in aged patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia （VAP） and to provide the corresponding clinical prevention strategies. METHODS The ages, underlying diseases, mechanical ventilation method, use of antibiotics, and pathogenic bacteria of the VAP patients were investigated and analyzed. RESULTS Totally 155 VAP of elderly patients had serious underlying diseases, and treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, tracheal intubation or trachea incision. Most pathogenic bacteria were mutipleresistant. CONCLUSIONS The prevention of VAP was in priority for control of VAP patients. In order to control the occurrence and spread of VAP, clinicians should cut the time of ventilator,pay more attention to sterilization and isolation, and strengthen the tend of the patients.