泉州湾沉积物中有机氯农药含量及风险评估

Distribution and Risk Evaluation of Organochlorine Pesticides Residues in Surface Sediment from Quanzhou Bay

参照美国EPA8000系列方法及质量保证／质量控制（QA／QC），将泉州湾表层沉积物分为上（0～2cm）、下（2～10cm）2层，分析沉积物中有机氯农药（OCPs）含量特征。结果表明，OCPs含量由高至低依次为内湾、秀涂-石湖-线和外湾，吸附性强的硫丹硫酸盐、七氯环氧化合物倾向于在上层富集．残留有机氯农药的降解主要发生在厌氧环境下，上层降解程度大于下层．西南偏南向潮流造成来自江河的污染物长期滞留，降低了内湾自净化能力．对照Ingersoll风险评估标准，认为泉州湾上、下层沉积物中有机残留具有较高的生态风险性，会对该海域深水养殖和底栖食泥生物产生较大影响．

Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides （OCPs） residues in Quanzhou Bay, were determined based on USEPA 8000 methods and under quality assurance and quality control （QA/QC）. The surface sediment was divided into upper sediment （up to 2 cm of the bed sediment） and lower sediment （2 - 10 cm）. The results show that concentrations of OCPs are in the order of inner bay, Xiutu-Shihu and offshore area from high to low. Endosulfan sulfate and heptachlor epoxide which have high adsorptivity tend to accumulate in upper sediment. OCPs residues in surface sediment are mainly degraded under anaerobic condition, while the degree of degradation in upper sediment is obviously higher than that in lower sediment. South-southwestward tidal-current results in long-term residence of organic contaminants in the inner bay, and retards their degradation. According to the corresponding quality guidelines from Ingersoll, the Bay would impose higher ecological risk on the marine biology, particularly on deep-water aquiculture and benthonic mud-eaters.