区域环境风险区划理论与方法研究

Study on Theory and Methodology of Regional Environmental Risk Zoning

区域尺度上的产业发展已经成为我国经济新的增长点,探讨区域环境风险管理的理论和方法,确保区域环境安全已成为迫切需要解决的问题之一.以环境风险系统的组成及环境风险事件的发生过程为研究基础,探讨了区域环境风险管理的主要手段之一———区域环境风险区划的理论及方法.研究了环境风险区划应遵循系统性、一致性、主导性和动态性的原则,讨论了环境风险区划的步骤、指标体系和方法,提出环境风险区划是开展区域环境风险预防性研究,降低区域发展过程中可能存在的环境风险危害的主要措施之一.选取我国三大经济核心地区之一的长江(江苏段)沿江经济带为例,以该区域的开发区为研究单元,建立环境风险区划指标体系,采用综合评价法评价区域环境风险,并提出相应防范措施,为区域环境风险管理提供依据.

Regional industrial development has been one of the driving forces for the development in China. Management of regional environmental risks has come to be one of the key components to assure the safety of regional environment. Based on the analysis of regional environmental risk system and the process of a risk event, the authors promote a methodology of regional environmental risk zoning as one of the approaches, and discuss the principles, procedure, indicators and methods of risk zoning. It is pointed out that risk zoning is a preventive approach to reduce environmental risk and hazards embedded in the regional development. Finally, the authors take risk zoning of Yangtze River Basin （Jiangsu Section）, one of the three large economically prosperous regions in China, as a case study. An indicator system for regional environmental risk zoning is developed and an integrated assessment model （IAM） is adopted to assess the regional environmental risk. Potential risk management countermeasures are suggested for decision-making about risk management in this region.