转喻与李白诗的认知建构

Metonymy and Cognitive Construction in Li Bai's Poems

认知语言学中的理想化认知模型(Idealized Cogn itiveModels,简称ICM),尤其是典型理想化认知模式可以构建我们对转喻(M etonymy)生成的理解。从这一角度剖析唐人李白诗中出现的四种典型的转喻现象,能说明转喻不仅是一种常见的修辞手段,也是一种认知方式,是基于人类经验之上的一种基本概念机制,对人们的思维能产生重大影响;同时也能说明诗歌中转喻的运用不仅可以使语言表达更形象、更巧妙,而且它也是诗人认识和思考事物的一种方式,所表现出的诗歌意象并非是超出常人想象、只有诗人才能意会的一种主观感悟。

Idealized Cognitive Models （ICM）, especially the typical ICM in cognitive linguistics, can be used to construct the understanding of metonymy generation. Based on theories, the paper analyzes the metonymy in Li Bai＇s poems and demonstrates that metonymy is not only a ubiquitous feature of language and a popular rhetorical device, but also a cognitive mode and a basic conceptual mechanism that structures our thought. The paper also shows that metonymy is not simply for language vividness, but a reflection of poet＇s mode of knowing and thinking about the world, and that the images in poems are not beyond the people＇s imagination that only poet himself is able to comprehend.