水稻直立穗型的遗传及其对籼稻农艺性状的影响

Inheritance of erect panicle type and its effect on the agronomic characteristics of indica rice

以直立穗型品系G 83和弯曲穗型温敏核雄性不育系培矮64S为材料进行杂交、测交,获得F1、TC1和F2群体,研究穗型的遗传规律及穗型与茎叶形态性状、穗部性状的关系。结果表明,水稻直立穗型遗传受一对核主效基因控制,直立穗型相对弯曲穗型为显性;直立穗型植株较矮,剑叶短而宽,穗、穗颈节间较短,而弯曲穗型则相反;不同穗型植株有效穗数差异不显著,直立穗型植株的每穗粒数极显著高于弯曲穗型植株,而千粒重、结实率、单株产量则极显著低于弯曲穗型植株。

In order to study the genetic rule of erect panicle type of rice and analyze the relationships between panicle types and stem-leaf morphological traits, and panicle characteristics, an erect panicle type variety G83 was crossed and test-crossed with a curved panicle type TGMS （Thermo-sensitive Genic Male Sterile） line Pei＇ai 64S, and different panicle type plants of TC1 and F2 generations were obtained. The results showed that the erect panicle was controlled by one major nucleus gene, the erect panicle was dominant to the curved paniclet the erect panicle rice was of dwarf plant with wide and short flag leaves, shorter panicle and neck panicle internodes, while the curved panicle one was opposite. The difference of effective panicle number between two panicle types was not significant, the spikelets per panicle of erect panicle type was significantly higher than that of curved panicle type, while the 1000-gain weight, seed setting rate and yield per plant were significantly lower than that of curved panicle type.