甘蔗抗旱性研究进展与展望

Advances and prospects in study on sugarcane drought resistance

结合目前对植物生物膜结构、渗透调节及干旱诱导蛋白等方面的研究,概括了干旱胁迫对甘蔗的伤害及甘蔗抗旱性的生物学机理。通过对甘蔗形态结构特征、生理生化特性等的分析及对抗旱性指标进行的综合分析可以较好地评价甘蔗的抗旱性。要解决甘蔗旱害问题,除了加强灌溉设施建设和选育耐旱品种外,还可通过栽培措施与化学调控改善甘蔗自身的耐旱能力来实现。科研上应加强从分子水平上阐明作物抗旱性的物质基础及其生理功能,进而通过基因工程手段育出甘蔗抗旱新品种。

The paper summarized the damage of drought stress to sugarcane and biological mechanism of drought resistance in sugarcane with emphasis on biomembrane structure, osmotic adjustment and drought-induced protein of plant, etc. The drought resistance of sugarcane could be well evaluated by integrated morphological structures and physiological characteristics, and drought resistance indexes. For sugarcane production in upland fields, it is very important to improve the irrigation condition and select drought resistant varieties to resolve drought problems, and cultivation measures and chemical regulations should be taken to improve the resistance to drought in sugarcane. In addition, the substances bases and physiological functions of drought resistance in crops will be expounded at molecular level, and new drought resistant genotypes of sugarcane will be created by genetic engineering methods.