福利目标下中国所有制结构调整的路径选择

The Path Choices of China′s Ownership Structure Reform Subject to Social Welfare Improvement

本文基于阿玛蒂亚·森建立的社会福利与收入分配差距和收入水平两因素间的关系式推导出中国所有制改革的边际社会福利公式,以从社会总体福利改进的视角研究中国所有制结构改革的路径选择。结果表明:国有经济相对规模的扩大导致社会福利的下降;不同时期国有经济的社会福利效应不同;在集体经济比重不变时,非公有经济与国有经济之间的结构变动带来社会福利的增长。随着整个改革的深入,非公有经济成分的边际福利上升;非公有经济比集体经济更能提高社会的福利水平。经过各种路径的福利比较得出:由公有向非公有的调整应是所有制改革的基本路径;国有经济和集体经济比重的缩减均具有合理性,在现阶段,由国有经济向非公有经济调整的改革选择优于由集体经济向非公有经济的选择。

By applying Amartya Sen＇s formula on the relation of social welfare with income and income distribution, a new social welfare counting formula is derived , using the formula, a study on the path choice of China＇s ownership structure subject to social welfare improvement is conducted, the results indicate that an increase in state - ownership results in a decrease in social welfare, the welfare effect varies on China＇s reforming periods, while higher non - public ownership proportion and lower state ownership will lead to an improvement in social welfare, given the collective ownership, with the economic reform is carried on, the marginal welfare of non - public ownership is rising, the non - public ownership contributes welfare more to the society than the collective ownership. Based on the research, the following conclusions could be drawn ： for China＇ s ownership structure reform the rational path is to reduce the shares of public ownership as well as of the collective ownership and to increase the proportion of non - public ownership, moreover, reducing the state ownership to increase the non - public ownership is a better strategy at China＇s present reform stage than a decrease in collective ownership.