多环芳烃暴露的生物标志物——尿中羟基多环芳烃

Hydroxyl Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Human Urine as Biomarkers of Exposure to PAHs

多环芳烃(PAHs)是典型的持久性有机污染物,在职业高PAHs暴露环境下,容易诱发肺癌、皮肤癌等癌症。对PAHs的暴露评价可为流行病学研究和污染物风险评价等提供有效的数据。由于暴露途径的复杂化,采用尿样中PAHs的代谢产物———羟基多环芳烃作为标志物来综合评价人体对PAHs的内暴露情况已经成为研究的热点。本文系统介绍了多环芳烃的吸收、代谢、尿中PAHs代谢产物的主要存在形式、主要的生物标志物以及它们的主要影响因素。

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which are typical persistent organic pollutants may induce lung and skin cancers in occupational settings. And the evaluation of the exposure to PAHs can provide useful data for epidemiological study and risk assessment of the pollutants. However, due to the complexity of exposure, urinary hydroxyl PAHs which are major metabolites of PAHs in human urine have been widely used as biomarkers of internal dose to evaluate the exposure to PAHs. The absorption, metabolism and the major forms of metabolites of PAHs in urine are reviewed in the paper. Furthermore several important biomarkers and factors that may cause the variation of metabolites excreted in urine are introduced.