饮水卫生标准限量的汞对蚕豆根尖细胞的微核效应

Micronucleus Induction in Vicia faba Root Tip Cells Treated with Water Containing Limited Mercury under the National Sanitary Standard of Drinking Water

实验观察了国家饮用水水质卫生标准(简称“国标”)限量的汞(即0.001 mg/L)和10倍、100倍于“国标”限量汞(即0.01、0.1 mg/L)对松滋青皮豆和轮选1号豆根尖细胞的微核效应。结果表明,0.001mg/L汞水样的微核率与本底值相近,与空白对照相比,无显著性差异(P>0.05);而0.01和0.1 mg/L汞水样的微核率显著增高,与空白对照相比,相差非常显著(P<0.01)。证明“国标”规定的限量值汞是安全的。当0.1 mg/L汞与0.5 mg/L砷、1.5 mg氰并存时,其诱发的微核效应显示有联合作用。汞所诱发的微核效应与剂量间呈正相关。两种蚕豆根尖细胞对含致突物水样的微核效应无显著差别,证明松滋青皮豆和轮选1号豆均可作为监测水中致突物的材料。

Micronucleus induction in Songzi and Lunxuan Vicia faba root trp cells treated with water conta- ining limited mercury under the national sanitary standard of drinking water (GB), i. e. 0.001 mg/L, 10-fold GB (0.01 mg/L) and 100-fold GB (0.1 mg/L) was observed. Results showed that the frequency of micronucleus induced by water containing 0.001 mg/L mercury was nearly the same as background, with no significant difference as compared with negative control (P>0.05). However, 0.01 and 0.1 mg/L mercury in water significantly increased the frequency of micronucleated cells in Vicia faba root tips (P<0.01 as compared with negative). A clear dose-effect relationship was found within a dose range of 0.001 to 0.1 mg/L of mercury in water. The combination of 0.1 mg/L mercury, 0.5 mg/L arsenic and 1.5 mg/L cyanogen enhanced the induction of micronucleus. The present study has demonstrated that the limited value of mercury under the national sanitary standard of drinking water is safe for health, and both Songzi and Lunxuan Vicia faba can be used as materials in monitoring mutagens in water.